Emergency Contraception and Tubal Pregnancy

Ectopic pregnancy is defined as a pregnancy that occurs outside of the uterus. The most common site of ectopic pregnancy is the fallopian tube. In the United States, it’s estimated that one in every 50 pregnancies is tubal pregnancy,

Levonorgestrel (LNG), is advertised as emergency contraception (EC). It has been available over the counter in the United States since 2006 and without an age limit since 2013.

Levonorgestrel a type of progestin. works by several mechanisms, including delayed tubal transport of the ovum. A study published in the Journal of Pathology revealed the increased risk of tubal pregnancy following the failure of levonorgestrel (LNG)-induced emergency contraception. The occurrence of tubal pregnancy was attributed to reduced ciliary motility in the fallopian tubes in response to Levonorgestrel.

Most tubal ectopic pregnancies can be detected and treated but in some cases, an unstable patient is a medical emergency that requires prompt surgical intervention. Women need to know about the risk involved in over-the-counter hormonal emergency contraception since tubal pregnancy is the leading cause of maternal mortality in the first trimester of pregnancy and accounts for almost 5% of maternal deaths.

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